Food Additives: Which Ones Should You Avoid?

Food additives serve various purposes—preserving freshness, enhancing flavor, improving texture. But not all additives are created equal. Here's what the science says about which ones might be worth limiting.

Artificial Colors

Synthetic food dyes like Red 40, Yellow 5, and Blue 1 have been linked in some studies to hyperactivity in children. The European Union requires warning labels on foods containing these dyes, though the US does not. Many health-conscious consumers choose to avoid them.

Sodium Nitrate and Nitrite

Found in processed meats like bacon, hot dogs, and deli meats, these preservatives can form potentially carcinogenic compounds called nitrosamines when exposed to high heat or stomach acid. The World Health Organization classifies processed meats as Group 1 carcinogens.

BHA and BHT

These synthetic antioxidants prevent fats from going rancid in packaged foods. While the FDA considers them safe at low levels, some animal studies have raised concerns about potential carcinogenicity. Many natural alternatives exist.

High-Fructose Corn Syrup

While chemically similar to regular sugar, HFCS is a marker for ultra-processed foods. Its presence usually indicates a highly processed product. Some research suggests it may affect the body differently than regular sugar, though this remains debated.

Artificial Sweeteners

Aspartame, sucralose, and saccharin are FDA-approved, but emerging research on their effects on gut bacteria and metabolism has raised questions. More studies are needed, but some people prefer to avoid them.

Carrageenan

This seaweed-derived thickener is common in dairy alternatives and processed foods. Some research suggests it may cause digestive inflammation, though food-grade carrageenan is generally considered safe by regulatory agencies.

MSG (Monosodium Glutamate)

Despite its bad reputation, MSG is generally recognized as safe. It's actually found naturally in many foods like tomatoes and parmesan cheese. However, some people report sensitivity to it.

How Goodie AI Helps

When you scan products, Goodie AI identifies all additives and provides context about each one. We show you the research, potential concerns, and help you decide based on your personal preferences and health goals.